Background: Pelvic girdle pain (PGP) and low back pain (LBP) are common musculoskeletal complaints experienced by pregnant women, affecting their quality of life and functional abilities. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive analysis of PGP and LBP during pregnancy, focusing on prevalence, risk factors, impact on daily activities, treatment strategies, and outcomes. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted to synthesize existing evidence on PGP and LBP during pregnancy. Studies reporting on the prevalence, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches, treatment modalities, and outcomes of PGP and LBP in pregnant women were included in the analysis. Results: The findings revealed that PGP and LBP are prevalent conditions during pregnancy, with reported rates varying across studies. Risk factors associated with the development of PGP and LBP included previous history of musculoskeletal pain, increased body mass index, physical inactivity, and hormonal changes. Pregnant women with PGP and LBP often experience limitations in daily activities, such as walking, standing, and sitting, leading to reduced functional capacity. Various treatment modalities were identified, including physical therapy, exercise programs, manual therapy, and pain management strategies. These interventions aimed to alleviate pain, improve mobility, and enhance overall well-being in pregnant women with PGP and LBP. Additionally, education, ergonomic modifications, and support devices were recommended to optimize management outcomes.