Background: Sepsis remains a major contributor to pediatric hospitalizations and deaths, even with recent advancements. Screening, diagnosis, prognosis (risk stratification), monitoring of therapeutic response, and sensible use of antibiotics (determination of adequate treatment time, for example) are all made feasible by the existence of biomarkers throughout the response to an infectious insult. Research on biomarkers in pediatric sepsis is still in its infancy. Biomarkers such as C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, interleukin 6, 8, and 18, human neutrophil gelatinase, and proadrenomedullin are discussed in this study as they pertain to sepsis in pediatric patients. The treatment of pediatric sepsis might benefit from an evaluation of these biomarkers.