Background: It is widely acknowledged that nurses are a crucial component of the healthcare system. They are an integral part of clinical services and have primary responsibility for a significant proportion of patient care in most healthcare settings. Medication errors are among the most prevalent health errors threatening patients’ safety and are regarded as an index for determining patients’ safety in hospitals. An administration error is an error originating during the process directly associated with drug administration at the nursing unit, when a discrepancy occurs between the drug received by the patient and that intended by the prescriber. Patient safety is a significant challenge facing healthcare systems today. Ways to reduce medication errors and enhance patient safety and quality of care have become key topics for discussion worldwide. Drug administration is vital for patient safety, and medication administration errors (MAEs) are directly associated with mortality and morbidity rates. MAEs are reportedly experienced by 2–14% of hospitalized patients and are estimated to kill 7000 patients and injure at least 1.5 million patients per year. In theory all medication errors are preventable and almost a third of unwelcome drug events are preventable. Medication errors are multidimensional problems and for solving them we should find multilateral solutions.We can reduce the medication errors through risk management which it is a daily and continous program for dianosis and intervention. Risk mangement is a problem-centerd approach. The opportunity to learn from these mistakes may, in turn, be lost. Although researchers and experts claim that medication errors should be viewed as a system failure rather than a personal inadequacy , it is unclear to what extent nurses think about the factors contributing to medication errors. Recommendations to prevent medication error include better collaboration between patients and health professionals, wider use of information technology and ensuring that all employees take an active part in developing and improving policies and procedures